Quaderno (2005)
Flo Menezes
PUBLISHER: Self-distributed (Composer Website)
RECORDINGS: None (a performance recording is featured on the composer website)
RANGE: 5.0 octaves
DURATION: 14:30
MOVEMENTS: Single movement
TYPE OF ACCOMPANIMENT: Multiple
MUSICAL OVERVIEW: Full of changing rhythm and time signatures, the work is full of exciting rhythmic passages. Although a melodic theme does not seem to emerge, some rhythmic motives do occur. The tonal structure is often masked through frequent uses of chord clusters and minor seconds. However, extended passages occur that focus more clearly on harmonic material. These sections are not characterized by an overall tonal center, rather, small phrases highlight a pitch or chord. The electronics embellish and augment the marimba throughout, and are largely supportive and not the focus. The use of the computer program with performer-activated changes allows greater expressivity because the performer is not bound to a pre-recorded track. A section in the middle of the work allows for interaction between the marimba and electronics, as the performer responds to the pitch, dynamics, and frequency of sound created by the electronics, which changes every performance.
ACCOMPANIMENT OVERVIEW: A computer program developed in Max/MSP provided by the composer. A controller pedal capable of sending MIDI program changes is required. Sound is distributed either in stereo, four channel, or octophonically, and the performer is able to choose the desired method. However, stereo playback is only for rehearsal and not to be used for performance. The program includes easy-to-follow setup instructions, and the score clearly indicates where to send the MIDI program changes messages during performance. The accompaniment utilizes both pre-recorded sound and processing of live sound. Ring-modulators, reverb, FM synthesis, granular synthesis, and spatialization all figure prominently within the sonic world of the composition.
TECHNIQUE OVERVIEW: Predominantly large intervals and big leaps within a single-line style of writing. Only one section of the work is scored with both hands playing double verticals in a contrapuntal style. The writing is complex and performance requires a strong command of four-mallet sticking utilizing, SI, SIA, DV, and DL strokes. A diamond-shaped note head indicates performing a note with an extra-hard mallet, although this is only a suggestion of the composer and not required. This request is extremely difficult to satisfy consistently and would require awkward and unnecessary sticking challenges that ultimately hinder the performance.